Understanding 1K and 2K in 3D Concrete Printing

1K(1-Component) printing involves using only concrete in the printing process. On the other hand, 2K (2-Component) printing introduces a secondary mixing step where an accelerator is added just before extrusion. This accelerator is asubstance that helps the concrete dry faster immediately after mixing. Both approaches have their unique advantages, catering to different project needsand scales.

Vertico offers both of those solutions for 3D concrete printing.

1K Designed for speed and efficiency in large-scale, high-volume projects.
2K Perfect for intricate designs and detailed projects with unmatched precision.

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Key Differences and Applications

Material Composition and Mixing

1K: The concrete mixture is prepared in advance, resulting in a consistent but less flexible material.

2K: The base material and accelerator are mixed moments before extrusion, allowing for on-the-fly adjustments and faster setting times.

Precision and Design Capabilities

1K:
- Balanced precision for large-scale efficiency

- Suitable for simple straight shapes and basic patterns

- Ideal for large-scale construction, walls, and water tanks

2K:

- Engineered for high-accuracy detailing

- Enables unparalleled form freedom, large overhangs, and intricate patterns

- Perfect for design, architecture, and art projects (e.g., columns, flower pots, benches, art pieces)

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Material Properties

Both 1K and 2K systems can use materials with grain sizes up to 8mm and are compatible with products from various suppliers. However, their handling differs:

1K: Materials are harder to pump as they need to be stiff enough to improve buildability.

2K: Materials are easier to pump because the rheology only changes at the last second, resulting in more consistent output.

Hardening and Curing

1K:

Open time is about 30+ minutes

Curing takes 7-14 or 28 days

2K:

Open time is about 30 seconds

Curing takes 7-14 or 28 days

Speed and Efficiency

Both 1K and 2K systems offer dynamic speed capabilities. However:

1K: Better suited for large-scale, high-volume projects where speed and efficiency are crucial.

2K:Designed for projects requiring rapid setting and precise detailing.

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Choosing Between 1K and 2K

The choice between 1K and 2K systems depends on your specific project requirements:

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1K is ideal for:

·       Builders and contractors managing large-scale operations

·       Projects prioritizing simplicity and cost-effectiveness

·       Applications where longer open times are beneficial

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2K is perfect for:

·      Architects, designers, and artists

·       Projects requiring intricate designsand detailed work

·       Applications where rapid setting andhigh precision are essential

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Both systems have their strengths, andcompanies like Vertico offer solutions for both 1K and 2K 3D concrete printing,catering to a wide range of construction and design needs.